Tennessee Wastewater Operator Practice Exam

What is the ability of a filter to prevent solid particles from passing through called?

1. Filtration Rate

2. Rejection

3. Exclusion

4. Absorption

The correct answer is: Rejection

The correct answer refers to the process of how effectively a filter can stop solid particles from moving through its medium. In this context, the term commonly used to describe this ability is "rejection," which specifically pertains to the capacity of a membrane or filter to exclude or prevent certain particles from passing while allowing others to pass through. Understanding the concept of rejection is crucial in wastewater treatment because it directly affects the efficiency of filtration systems. Rejection is influenced by various factors such as particle size, shape, and the properties of the filter material itself. Effective rejection ensures that larger undesirable particles, such as sediments or contaminants, are captured, resulting in cleaner effluent. The other terms presented involve different processes related to filtration: "filtration rate" measures the speed at which fluid passes through a filter, while "exclusion" describes a broader concept of preventing items from entering. "Absorption" pertains to the process where materials soak in or chemically bind to substances, which is distinct from the mechanical process of filtering particles out. Thus, the focus on rejection as the specific ability of a filter emphasizes its role in maintaining water quality in treatment systems.