Tennessee Wastewater Operator Practice Exam

What is the primary advantage of biological treatment methods in wastewater management?

1. Cost efficiency

2. High removal rates of pollutants

3. Simplicity of operation

4. Ability to function without oxygen

The correct answer is: High removal rates of pollutants

The primary advantage of biological treatment methods in wastewater management is their high removal rates of pollutants. Biological treatment utilizes microorganisms to break down organic matter and other pollutants in the wastewater. These microorganisms metabolize the pollutants, converting them into simpler, less harmful substances. This process is essential for effectively reducing biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and other hazardous components in the wastewater, resulting in cleaner effluent. High removal rates make biological treatment particularly effective for tackling a variety of contaminants, including nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus, which can lead to eutrophication in receiving waters if not adequately addressed. This capability makes biological treatment a vital component in many municipal and industrial wastewater treatment systems, ensuring that discharged water meets necessary environmental standards. While other options may hold some merits, such as cost efficiency and operational simplicity, the standout characteristic that emphasizes the effectiveness and necessity of biological methods in combating wastewater pollution is their remarkable ability to significantly reduce pollutant levels through natural processes.