Tennessee Wastewater Operator Practice Exam

What is the primary role of enzymes produced by microorganisms in biofilms?

1. Degrade organic matter

2. Oxygen production

3. Carbon fixation

4. Nutrient absorption

The correct answer is: Degrade organic matter

The primary role of enzymes produced by microorganisms in biofilms is to degrade organic matter. In the context of wastewater treatment, biofilms, which are colonies of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces, play a crucial role in breaking down complex organic substances. The enzymes secreted by these microorganisms catalyze biochemical reactions that convert organic matter into simpler compounds, thus facilitating the decomposition process. This degradation is essential for several reasons: it reduces the overall organic load in wastewater, minimizes pollutants, and helps in the recovery and recycling of nutrients. As the organic matter is broken down, it can be assimilated by the microbial community or mineralized to less harmful substances, contributing to the overall efficiency of the wastewater treatment process. While other roles, such as oxygen production, carbon fixation, and nutrient absorption, are significant in different contexts, they do not directly capture the primary function of enzymes in biofilm systems concerning organic matter degradation. Enzymatic degradation is fundamental for maintaining the ecological balance within biofilms and ensuring that wastewater treatment processes function effectively.