Which disinfectant is known for its ability to react with and destroy pathogens through oxidation?

The correct answer is ozone, which is recognized for its powerful oxidative properties that allow it to react with and destroy a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. Ozone is a strong oxidant, meaning it has a high affinity for electrons, and when it comes into contact with organic material or pathogens, it reacts with their cellular components, leading to the breakdown and inactivation of the pathogens.

Ozone is particularly effective in water treatment processes due to its ability to penetrate cell walls and membranes, disrupting the metabolic function of microorganisms. This makes it a highly efficient disinfectant, often used in advanced wastewater treatment and drinking water purification systems.

While chlorine is also a common disinfectant that works through oxidation, its mechanism differs, and it can form potentially harmful byproducts. Iodine serves as an effective disinfectant, particularly in smaller applications like water purification for personal use, but it does not match the broad-spectrum oxidative capabilities of ozone. Bromine is similarly effective as a disinfectant and can be used in swimming pools, but it is less commonly employed in wastewater treatment compared to ozone.